Working Principle of Air Compressor

An air compressor is a kind of equipment used to compress the gas. The air compressor is similar to the water pump in construction. Most air compressors are reciprocating piston type, rotating blades, or rotating screws. Centrifugal compressors are very large applications.

Inspiratory process

The intake port on the inlet side of the screw type compressor must be designed so that the compressor chamber can fully absorb air. The screw type compressor has no intake and exhaust valve groups. The intake air is only regulated by the opening and closing of a regulating valve. When the rotor rotates, the tooth groove space of the main and auxiliary rotors is the largest when it turns to the inlet end wall opening. At this time, the tooth groove space of the rotor is connected with the free air at the air inlet. Because the air in the tooth groove is completely discharged during the exhaust. At the end of exhaust, the tooth groove is in a vacuum state. When it is turned to the air inlet, the outside air is sucked in and flows axially into the tooth groove of the main and auxiliary rotors. When the air fills the entire tooth groove, the end face of the inlet side of the rotor turns away from the air inlet of the casing, and the air between the tooth grooves is closed. The above is the suction process.

Closure and conveying process

At the end of the suction of the main and auxiliary rotors, the main and auxiliary rotor tooth heads are closed with the casing. At this time, the air will no longer flow out in the tooth groove, which is the closing process. When the two rotors continue to rotate, their tooth peaks and grooves coincide at the suction end. The mating surface gradually moves towards the exhaust end, which is the conveying process.

Compression and injection process

During the conveying process, the meshing surface gradually moves to the exhaust end. That is, the gap between the meshing surface and the exhaust outlet gradually decreases. The gas in the groove is gradually compressed, and the pressure increases, which is called the compression process. At the same time, the lubricating oil is also injected into the compressor chamber to mix with the chamber air due to the effect of pressure difference.

Exhaust process

When the meshing end face of the rotor turns to be connected with the exhaust of the casing, the compressed gas with the highest pressure of compressed gas starts to discharge until the meshing surface of the tooth peak and the tooth groove moves to the exhaust end face. At this time, the space between the meshing surfaces and the exhaust port of the casing is zero. That is, the exhaust process is completed. At the same time, the length of the tooth groove between the meshing surface of the rotor and the air inlet of the casing reaches the maximum. The suction process is in progress.

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